Population & Demographics – Nirmal District

• District Population: ~7 lakh

• Town Population: ~88,000

• Literacy: Steadily improving

• Communities: Tribal and non-tribal residents coexist

• Mandals (19): Nirmal Rural, Soan, Dilawarpur, Narsapur, Kaddam, Peddur, Dasturabad, Khanapur, Mamada, Pembi, Laxmanchanda, Sarangapur, Kubeer, Kuntala, Bhainsa, Mudhole, Basar, Lokeshwaram, Tanoor.

Nirmal District – Geography, Climate & Physical Features

Location & Extent: Telangana, Northern Telangana | Lat: ~19.1° N, Long: ~78.3° E | Area: ~3,845 sq.km

Boundaries:

• North: Maharashtra (Nanded)

• East: Mancherial

• South: Adilabad & Nizamabad

• West: Maharashtra

    Physiography

  Deccan Plateau dominant

  Elevation: 300–450 m

  Plateau, hills, undulating terrain, fertile plains

     Drainage System

  Godavari River (boundary & lifeline)

  Kadam/Kadem River (tributary)

  Seasonal streams, tanks, lakes

  Kadam Project Dam

    Soil Types

  Black Cotton Soil – cotton, paddy

  Red Sandy Soil – millets, pulses

  Laterite/Gravelly – forest vegetation

   Forests & Vegetation

  Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests

  Teak, Bamboo, Neem, Tendu, Mahua

   Kawal & Pranahita regions

  Wildlife & Biodiversity

  Tiger, leopard, deer, wild boar, sloth bear

  Peafowl, migratory birds

  Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary

    Climate Type

  Tropical Wet & Dry Climate (Aw)

  Deccan Plateau influence

    Summer Season

     March–June 25°C–45°C

     Heat waves, water scarcity

    Monsoon Season

     June–September  24°C–34°C

     900–1100 mm rainfall

     Agriculture dependent

    Winter Season

     October–February 12°C–30°C

     Best for tourism

     [Humidity & Winds High humidity in monsoon (60–80%),Hot winds in summer,Calm winters].

   Agriculture, Settlement, Transport & Environment – Nirmal District

     Agriculture:

• • Kharif: Paddy, cotton, maize

  • Rabi: Pulses, groundnut

  • Predominantly rain-fed farming supported by irrigation tanks

     Human Settlement:

• • Dense settlements near rivers and plains

  • Tribal habitations in forest areas

  • Urban growth on flat terrain

    Transportation:

• • Roads follow plains and valleys

  • Forests and hills limit dense road networks

    Tourism & Environment:

• • Waterfalls: Kuntala, Pochera

  • Forests help regulate climate and ecology

    Challenges:

• • Heat waves

  • Irregular rainfall

  • Need for water conservation