Nirmal District – Geography, Climate & Physical Features                                         

State: Telangana
Region: Northern Telangana
Latitude: ~19.1° N
Longitude: ~78.3° E
Total Area: ~3,845 sq.km

Boundaries

North: Maharashtra (Nanded)
East: Mancherial
South: Adilabad & Nizamabad
West: Maharashtra

Physiography

Deccan Plateau dominant
Elevation: 300–450 m
Plateau, hills, undulating terrain, fertile plains

Drainage System

Godavari River (boundary & lifeline)
Kadam/Kadem River (tributary)
Seasonal streams, tanks, lakes
Kadam Project Dam

Soil Types

Black Cotton Soil – cotton, paddy
Red Sandy Soil – millets, pulses
Laterite/Gravelly – forest vegetation

Forests & Vegetation

Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
Teak, Bamboo, Neem, Tendu, Mahua
Kawal & Pranahita regions

Wildlife & Biodiversity

Tiger, leopard, deer, wild boar, sloth bear
Peafowl, migratory birds
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary

Climate Type

Tropical Wet & Dry Climate (Aw)
Deccan Plateau influence

Summer Season

March–June
25°C–45°C
Heat waves, water scarcity

Monsoon Season

June–September
24°C–34°C
900–1100 mm rainfall
Agriculture dependent

Winter Season

October–February
12°C–30°C
Best for tourism

Humidity & Winds

High humidity in monsoon (60–80%)
Hot winds in summer
Calm winters

Agriculture

Kharif: paddy, cotton, maize
Rabi: pulses, groundnut
Rain-fed farming & irrigation tanks

Human Settlement

Dense near rivers & plains
Tribal settlements in forest areas
Urban growth on flat terrain

Transportation

Roads along plains & valleys
Forests & hills limit dense networks